A brain abscess is a rare but serious infection inside the brain, where a pocket of pus forms as a result of bacteria or fungi invading brain tissue. Although it is uncommon, affecting about 1 in 100,000 people each year, it can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated quickly. The condition is more common … Read more
Encephalitis is a serious condition in which the brain becomes inflamed (swollen and irritated). It is most often caused by viral infections, but it can also result from autoimmune reactions, where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own brain cells. In rare cases, encephalitis can occur due to tumors or as a side effect … Read more
Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP), also known as Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP), is a serious and potentially life-threatening lung infection caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci. This fungus is widespread in the environment and can be found in the lungs of healthy individuals without causing illness. However, it becomes dangerous when a person’s immune system is severely … Read more
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can develop after an untreated or poorly treated Streptococcus pyogenes infection, commonly known as strep throat or scarlet fever. It mainly affects the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The condition occurs when the immune system, while fighting the strep bacteria, mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues. This happens … Read more
Food poisoning is a common illness that occurs when people eat or drink food contaminated with harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, or with toxic substances they produce. It is a major global health concern, affecting people of all ages. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about 600 million people, nearly one … Read more
Pyelonephritis is a serious type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects one or both kidneys. It occurs when bacteria travel upward from the bladder through the urinary tract and infect the kidney tissues. The most common cause is Escherichia coli (E. coli), a type of bacteria normally found in the intestines, responsible for about … Read more
Otitis externa, commonly known as swimmer’s ear, is an infection or inflammation of the outer ear canal, the passage leading from the outer ear to the eardrum. It often occurs when bacteria or fungi multiply inside the canal, particularly after water becomes trapped in the ear following swimming or bathing. The moist environment encourages the … Read more
Dysentery is an intestinal infection that causes inflammation of the colon and leads to severe diarrhea containing blood and mucus. Other common symptoms include stomach pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, and a feeling that the bowels have not been completely emptied. The illness is usually caused by infection with either bacteria or parasites, which spread … Read more
Diarrhea is a condition in which a person passes at least three loose or watery stools in a 24-hour period. It is most often caused by infections in the intestines. Diarrhea can be short-term (acute), lasting less than a week, or long-term (chronic), lasting a month or more. It is a significant global health issue … Read more
Pharyngitis is the medical term for inflammation of the throat (pharynx) and is one of the most common reasons people visit a doctor for a sore throat. It usually causes pain, discomfort, and difficulty swallowing. The condition can be short-term (acute), lasting less than three weeks, or long-term (chronic) if symptoms continue beyond that. Most … Read more